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South African experience with hand augered shallow wells in coastal aquifers
The Ubombo Family Wells Programme was initiated in 1997 to investigate and demonstrate appropriate water supply options for the communities resident on the coastal plains of northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. These communities are characterised by very flat, sandy terrain, a relatively shallow water table, and highly dispersed population patterns. Work was initiated in July 2003 to develop a locally manufatured version of the rope and washer pump, and trial units were monitored in the field. Based on those trials, a further 100 wells were constructed and fitted with rope and washer pumps. This paper was presented at the International Water Association Water and Wastewater Management for Developing Countries (WAMDEC) conference in 2004.